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kapan waktu yang tepat u menggunakan verb1, verb2, n verb3?
Gunakan VERB 1/+es, saat adik ingin membuat kalimat yang menyatakan rutinitas dan kebenaran umum. (atau dalam SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE). Keterangan waktu yang dipakai: every day, twice a week, dll.
Contoh: My father goes to the office five a week.
We visit our grandma every month.
Gunakan VERB 2, saat adik membuat kalimat yang menyatakan kegiatan lampau, (atau dalam SIMPLE PAST TENSE). Keterangan waktunya: last week, yesterday, two months ago, dll.
Contoh: Last holiday we went to Borobudur temple.
Gunakan VERB 3, saat adik membuat kalimat yang mentakan bahwa kegiatannya sudah dilakukan dan sudah selesai, tapi hasilnya masih berkaitan dengan sekarang, (atau dalam PRESENT PERFECT TENSE). Keterangan waktunya biasanya menggunakan SINCE atau FOR. ( tapi tidak harus)
Contohnya: I am full now. I have eaten bread and butter.
Adik juga bisa menggunakan VERB 3 saat membuat kalimat pasif. Contohnya:
The floor is swept by the servant.
The test was done well by the students.
AQ minta tlng nech, tlng yach aQ minta contoh percakapan invitation beserta artinya n aQ hrp percakapannya agak panjang
EXPRESSING INVITATION, REQUEST, ASKING AND GIVING PERMISSION
Dalam percakapan sehari-hari siswa akan menggabungkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang telah di ajarkan. Perhatikan contoh percakapan berikut yang merupakan merupakan gabungan dari materi pelajaran Undangan, Permintaan, dan Memberikan Ijin.
Read the dialogue.
Mother : Nina, have you finished ironing?
Nina : Yes, mum
Mother : Would you go to the shop and buy some cooking oil? It’s gone.
Nina : I just brought it yesterday.
Mother : Where did you put it?
Nina : A minute mum. I am coming down ….. (after some time). Here you are, mum.
Mother : Oh, you put it there. You should put it at its usual place. Can you help me to cook?
Nina : Surely I can. What do you want me to do now?
Mother : Get some vegetable from the refrigerator, cut it into small pieces and wash it, okay?
Nina : Yes, mum. ….. (after a few minutes)I am through, mum. Here you are.
Mother : Why don’t you set the table? Your father may be at home in a few minutes.
Nina : Will we have lunch at home? He usually doesn’t.
Mother : He said he would be home for lunch today.
Nina : Alright. I’ll do it ….. (the telephone is ringing). Hello, this is Rina, who’s calling, please?
Dian : Don’t you recognize my voice? This is Dian.
Nina : Hi, Dian. What happen?
Dian : Well, nothing special. I am thinking about asking you to go with me to a book fair. Could you?
Nina : Not at this hour, please. I am now busy helping my mother preparing our lunch.
Dian : Good girl. No, not at this hour. This afternoon at 3 or 4 p.m. do you think you can make it?
Nina : Hold on. I’ll ask my mum first, okay? ….. Mum, can I go with Dian to a book fair?
Mother : Aren’t you going to campus?
Nina : I have no lecture this afternoon.
Mother : In this case you can.
Nina : Thanks mum. Hallo Dian, are you still there?
Dian : I’m waiting. Can you?
Nina : Yes, I can. Can you pick me up?
Dian : I’ll be there at three, okay?
Nina : Alright.
Dian : Bye.
Nina : Bye. See you.
AQ minta tlng nech, tlng yach aQ minta contoh percakapan invitation beserta artinya n aQ hrp percakapannya agak panjang
EXPRESSING INVITATION, REQUEST, ASKING AND GIVING PERMISSION
Dalam percakapan sehari-hari siswa akan menggabungkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang telah di ajarkan. Perhatikan contoh percakapan berikut yang merupakan merupakan gabungan dari materi pelajaran Undangan, Permintaan, dan Memberikan Ijin.
Read the dialogue.
Mother : Nina, have you finished ironing?
Nina : Yes, mum
Mother : Would you go to the shop and buy some cooking oil? It’s gone.
Nina : I just brought it yesterday.
Mother : Where did you put it?
Nina : A minute mum. I am coming down ….. (after some time). Here you are, mum.
Mother : Oh, you put it there. You should put it at its usual place. Can you help me to cook?
Nina : Surely I can. What do you want me to do now?
Mother : Get some vegetable from the refrigerator, cut it into small pieces and wash it, okay?
Nina : Yes, mum. ….. (after a few minutes)I am through, mum. Here you are.
Mother : Why don’t you set the table? Your father may be at home in a few minutes.
Nina : Will we have lunch at home? He usually doesn’t.
Mother : He said he would be home for lunch today.
Nina : Alright. I’ll do it ….. (the telephone is ringing). Hello, this is Rina, who’s calling, please?
Dian : Don’t you recognize my voice? This is Dian.
Nina : Hi, Dian. What happen?
Dian : Well, nothing special. I am thinking about asking you to go with me to a book fair. Could you?
Nina : Not at this hour, please. I am now busy helping my mother preparing our lunch.
Dian : Good girl. No, not at this hour. This afternoon at 3 or 4 p.m. do you think you can make it?
Nina : Hold on. I’ll ask my mum first, okay? ….. Mum, can I go with Dian to a book fair?
Mother : Aren’t you going to campus?
Nina : I have no lecture this afternoon.
Mother : In this case you can.
Nina : Thanks mum. Hallo Dian, are you still there?
Dian : I’m waiting. Can you?
Nina : Yes, I can. Can you pick me up?
Dian : I’ll be there at three, okay?
Nina : Alright.
Dian : Bye.
Nina : Bye. See you.
AQ minta tlng nech, tlng yach aQ minta contoh percakapan invitation beserta artinya n aQ hrp percakapannya agak panjang
EXPRESSING INVITATION, REQUEST, ASKING AND GIVING PERMISSION
Dalam percakapan sehari-hari siswa akan menggabungkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang telah di ajarkan. Perhatikan contoh percakapan berikut yang merupakan merupakan gabungan dari materi pelajaran Undangan, Permintaan, dan Memberikan Ijin.
Read the dialogue.
Mother : Nina, have you finished ironing?
Nina : Yes, mum
Mother : Would you go to the shop and buy some cooking oil? It’s gone.
Nina : I just brought it yesterday.
Mother : Where did you put it?
Nina : A minute mum. I am coming down ….. (after some time). Here you are, mum.
Mother : Oh, you put it there. You should put it at its usual place. Can you help me to cook?
Nina : Surely I can. What do you want me to do now?
Mother : Get some vegetable from the refrigerator, cut it into small pieces and wash it, okay?
Nina : Yes, mum. ….. (after a few minutes)I am through, mum. Here you are.
Mother : Why don’t you set the table? Your father may be at home in a few minutes.
Nina : Will we have lunch at home? He usually doesn’t.
Mother : He said he would be home for lunch today.
Nina : Alright. I’ll do it ….. (the telephone is ringing). Hello, this is Rina, who’s calling, please?
Dian : Don’t you recognize my voice? This is Dian.
Nina : Hi, Dian. What happen?
Dian : Well, nothing special. I am thinking about asking you to go with me to a book fair. Could you?
Nina : Not at this hour, please. I am now busy helping my mother preparing our lunch.
Dian : Good girl. No, not at this hour. This afternoon at 3 or 4 p.m. do you think you can make it?
Nina : Hold on. I’ll ask my mum first, okay? ….. Mum, can I go with Dian to a book fair?
Mother : Aren’t you going to campus?
Nina : I have no lecture this afternoon.
Mother : In this case you can.
Nina : Thanks mum. Hallo Dian, are you still there?
Dian : I’m waiting. Can you?
Nina : Yes, I can. Can you pick me up?
Dian : I’ll be there at three, okay?
Nina : Alright.
Dian : Bye.
Nina : Bye. See you.
AQ minta tlng nech, tlng yach aQ minta contoh percakapan invitation beserta artinya n aQ hrp percakapannya agak panjang
EXPRESSING INVITATION, REQUEST, ASKING AND GIVING PERMISSION
Dalam percakapan sehari-hari siswa akan menggabungkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang telah di ajarkan. Perhatikan contoh percakapan berikut yang merupakan merupakan gabungan dari materi pelajaran Undangan, Permintaan, dan Memberikan Ijin.
Read the dialogue.
Mother : Nina, have you finished ironing?
Nina : Yes, mum
Mother : Would you go to the shop and buy some cooking oil? It’s gone.
Nina : I just brought it yesterday.
Mother : Where did you put it?
Nina : A minute mum. I am coming down ….. (after some time). Here you are, mum.
Mother : Oh, you put it there. You should put it at its usual place. Can you help me to cook?
Nina : Surely I can. What do you want me to do now?
Mother : Get some vegetable from the refrigerator, cut it into small pieces and wash it, okay?
Nina : Yes, mum. ….. (after a few minutes)I am through, mum. Here you are.
Mother : Why don’t you set the table? Your father may be at home in a few minutes.
Nina : Will we have lunch at home? He usually doesn’t.
Mother : He said he would be home for lunch today.
Nina : Alright. I’ll do it ….. (the telephone is ringing). Hello, this is Rina, who’s calling, please?
Dian : Don’t you recognize my voice? This is Dian.
Nina : Hi, Dian. What happen?
Dian : Well, nothing special. I am thinking about asking you to go with me to a book fair. Could you?
Nina : Not at this hour, please. I am now busy helping my mother preparing our lunch.
Dian : Good girl. No, not at this hour. This afternoon at 3 or 4 p.m. do you think you can make it?
Nina : Hold on. I’ll ask my mum first, okay? ….. Mum, can I go with Dian to a book fair?
Mother : Aren’t you going to campus?
Nina : I have no lecture this afternoon.
Mother : In this case you can.
Nina : Thanks mum. Hallo Dian, are you still there?
Dian : I’m waiting. Can you?
Nina : Yes, I can. Can you pick me up?
Dian : I’ll be there at three, okay?
Nina : Alright.
Dian : Bye.
Nina : Bye. See you.
AQ minta tlng nech, tlng yach aQ minta contoh percakapan invitation beserta artinya n aQ hrp percakapannya agak panjang
EXPRESSING INVITATION, REQUEST, ASKING AND GIVING PERMISSION
Dalam percakapan sehari-hari siswa akan menggabungkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang telah di ajarkan. Perhatikan contoh percakapan berikut yang merupakan merupakan gabungan dari materi pelajaran Undangan, Permintaan, dan Memberikan Ijin.
Read the dialogue.
Mother : Nina, have you finished ironing?
Nina : Yes, mum
Mother : Would you go to the shop and buy some cooking oil? It’s gone.
Nina : I just brought it yesterday.
Mother : Where did you put it?
Nina : A minute mum. I am coming down ….. (after some time). Here you are, mum.
Mother : Oh, you put it there. You should put it at its usual place. Can you help me to cook?
Nina : Surely I can. What do you want me to do now?
Mother : Get some vegetable from the refrigerator, cut it into small pieces and wash it, okay?
Nina : Yes, mum. ….. (after a few minutes)I am through, mum. Here you are.
Mother : Why don’t you set the table? Your father may be at home in a few minutes.
Nina : Will we have lunch at home? He usually doesn’t.
Mother : He said he would be home for lunch today.
Nina : Alright. I’ll do it ….. (the telephone is ringing). Hello, this is Rina, who’s calling, please?
Dian : Don’t you recognize my voice? This is Dian.
Nina : Hi, Dian. What happen?
Dian : Well, nothing special. I am thinking about asking you to go with me to a book fair. Could you?
Nina : Not at this hour, please. I am now busy helping my mother preparing our lunch.
Dian : Good girl. No, not at this hour. This afternoon at 3 or 4 p.m. do you think you can make it?
Nina : Hold on. I’ll ask my mum first, okay? ….. Mum, can I go with Dian to a book fair?
Mother : Aren’t you going to campus?
Nina : I have no lecture this afternoon.
Mother : In this case you can.
Nina : Thanks mum. Hallo Dian, are you still there?
Dian : I’m waiting. Can you?
Nina : Yes, I can. Can you pick me up?
Dian : I’ll be there at three, okay?
Nina : Alright.
Dian : Bye.
Nina : Bye. See you.
AQ minta tlng nech, tlng yach aQ minta contoh percakapan invitation beserta artinya n aQ hrp percakapannya agak panjang
EXPRESSING INVITATION, REQUEST, ASKING AND GIVING PERMISSION
Dalam percakapan sehari-hari siswa akan menggabungkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang telah di ajarkan. Perhatikan contoh percakapan berikut yang merupakan merupakan gabungan dari materi pelajaran Undangan, Permintaan, dan Memberikan Ijin.
Read the dialogue.
Mother : Nina, have you finished ironing?
Nina : Yes, mum
Mother : Would you go to the shop and buy some cooking oil? It’s gone.
Nina : I just brought it yesterday.
Mother : Where did you put it?
Nina : A minute mum. I am coming down ….. (after some time). Here you are, mum.
Mother : Oh, you put it there. You should put it at its usual place. Can you help me to cook?
Nina : Surely I can. What do you want me to do now?
Mother : Get some vegetable from the refrigerator, cut it into small pieces and wash it, okay?
Nina : Yes, mum. ….. (after a few minutes)I am through, mum. Here you are.
Mother : Why don’t you set the table? Your father may be at home in a few minutes.
Nina : Will we have lunch at home? He usually doesn’t.
Mother : He said he would be home for lunch today.
Nina : Alright. I’ll do it ….. (the telephone is ringing). Hello, this is Rina, who’s calling, please?
Dian : Don’t you recognize my voice? This is Dian.
Nina : Hi, Dian. What happen?
Dian : Well, nothing special. I am thinking about asking you to go with me to a book fair. Could you?
Nina : Not at this hour, please. I am now busy helping my mother preparing our lunch.
Dian : Good girl. No, not at this hour. This afternoon at 3 or 4 p.m. do you think you can make it?
Nina : Hold on. I’ll ask my mum first, okay? ….. Mum, can I go with Dian to a book fair?
Mother : Aren’t you going to campus?
Nina : I have no lecture this afternoon.
Mother : In this case you can.
Nina : Thanks mum. Hallo Dian, are you still there?
Dian : I’m waiting. Can you?
Nina : Yes, I can. Can you pick me up?
Dian : I’ll be there at three, okay?
Nina : Alright.
Dian : Bye.
Nina : Bye. See you.
AQ minta tlng nech, tlng yach aQ minta contoh percakapan invitation beserta artinya n aQ hrp percakapannya agak panjang
EXPRESSING INVITATION, REQUEST, ASKING AND GIVING PERMISSION
Dalam percakapan sehari-hari siswa akan menggabungkan ungkapan-ungkapan yang telah di ajarkan. Perhatikan contoh percakapan berikut yang merupakan merupakan gabungan dari materi pelajaran Undangan, Permintaan, dan Memberikan Ijin.
Read the dialogue.
Mother : Nina, have you finished ironing?
Nina : Yes, mum
Mother : Would you go to the shop and buy some cooking oil? It’s gone.
Nina : I just brought it yesterday.
Mother : Where did you put it?
Nina : A minute mum. I am coming down ….. (after some time). Here you are, mum.
Mother : Oh, you put it there. You should put it at its usual place. Can you help me to cook?
Nina : Surely I can. What do you want me to do now?
Mother : Get some vegetable from the refrigerator, cut it into small pieces and wash it, okay?
Nina : Yes, mum. ….. (after a few minutes)I am through, mum. Here you are.
Mother : Why don’t you set the table? Your father may be at home in a few minutes.
Nina : Will we have lunch at home? He usually doesn’t.
Mother : He said he would be home for lunch today.
Nina : Alright. I’ll do it ….. (the telephone is ringing). Hello, this is Rina, who’s calling, please?
Dian : Don’t you recognize my voice? This is Dian.
Nina : Hi, Dian. What happen?
Dian : Well, nothing special. I am thinking about asking you to go with me to a book fair. Could you?
Nina : Not at this hour, please. I am now busy helping my mother preparing our lunch.
Dian : Good girl. No, not at this hour. This afternoon at 3 or 4 p.m. do you think you can make it?
Nina : Hold on. I’ll ask my mum first, okay? ….. Mum, can I go with Dian to a book fair?
Mother : Aren’t you going to campus?
Nina : I have no lecture this afternoon.
Mother : In this case you can.
Nina : Thanks mum. Hallo Dian, are you still there?
Dian : I’m waiting. Can you?
Nina : Yes, I can. Can you pick me up?
Dian : I’ll be there at three, okay?
Nina : Alright.
Dian : Bye.
Nina : Bye. See you.
ass wr wb..... ka tolong buatin contoh teks short messege dan teks Label dunk.. beserta terjemahannya y,, cepet ya ka.....
Contoh short message:
Dear Mom,
I'll be home late. Having basketball practice. You don't need to pick me up, I';ll take abus.
Doni.
Contoh teks label:
| Chili with Beans Nutrition Facts Serving Size : 1 cup (253 g) Serving per container :2 Amount per serving Calories 260 Calories from fat 72 % Daily Value Total Fat 8g 13% Saturated Fat 3g 17% Cholesterol 130mg 44% Sodium 1010mg 42% Total Carbohydrate 22 g 7% Dietary Fiber 9g 36 % Sugars 4g Protein 25g
|
saya minta tolong buatin analytical exposition dan hortatory exposition..sekalian sama pengertiannya,social function,language feature, generic structur,dan contoh-contohnya.toloong sekarang.thanks...
Analytical VS Hortatory Exposition
Dear students…..
Bingung cara membedakan teks analytical exposition dan hortatory exposition? Don’t worry it’s so easy. Study the followings ya…
Sebelum kita mengetahui perbedaan teks analytical dan hortatory, mari kita mengenal persamaan dari kedua teks ini. Teks exposition dibagi menjadi dua bagian yaitu analytical exposition dan hortatory exposition. Exposition adalah jenis teks yang berisi tentang argumen-argumen tentang suatu topik. Dalam menulis teks ini, penulis perlu mencari sumber informasi agar argumen yang dikemukakan cukup kuat untuk mempengaruhi pembaca atau pendengar.
Dalam kehidupan sehari-hari kita bisa menemukan teks exposition dalam diskusi, pidato, iklan, surat, dsb. Contohnya, ada seorang teman yang merokok, kita bisa saja memberikan pendapat kita bahwa merokok itu tidak baik. So the thesis is “Smoking is not good for your health”. Kemudian kita akan memberikan alasan-alasan mengapa merokok itu tidak baik, so we tell the arguments that support our thesis. The social function of exposition is to persuade the reader or listener.
So the difference is…..
Study the text organization of analytical exposition below.
Ada 3 tahapan dalam teks analytical, yaitu:
Perbedaan Analytical Exposition dan Hortatory Exposition terletak di paragraf terakhir. Dalam penulisan Hortatory juga ada 3 bagian, yaitu:
For example:
Text 1
Smoking in restaurants
Smoking in restaurants is just not on. It must not be allowed because it is rude, harmful to others and dangerous for the smokers.
Firstly, smoking in a restaurant is impolite. The smell of the smoke affects all people and can turn them off their food. People pay to taste good food and not to be put off by foul smelling smoke.
Another reason smoking should not be allowed in restaurant is the harm it can do to others. Passive smoking that is breathing in smoke made by a smoker can lead to asthma attacks and even cancer.
Finally, smoking is dangerous and a health risk to the smokers. Cigarettes cause heart and lung disease and people should not smoke anywhere, not just in restaurants.
Therefore, smoking in restaurants is impolite, harmful to others and a health risk to the smokers and should not be allowed in any restaurants.
Text 2
Dear Editor,
We are writing to complain about ads on TV. There are so many ads, especially during our favourite programmes. We think they should be stopped for a number of reasons.
First, ads are nuisance. They go on for a long time and there are so many. Sometimes there seems to be more ads than programmes.
Second, ads are bad influence on people. They try to encourage people to buy unhealthy food like beer, soft drink, candy and chips. And they make people want things they do not really need and can not.
Finally, the people who make ads have too much say in what programmes people watch. That is because they want to put all their ads on popular programs that a lot of people watch. Some programmes which are not so popular get stopped because they do not attract enough ads, even though those programmes may be someone’s favourite.
For those reasons, we think TV station should stop showing ads. They interrupt programmes. They are bad influences on people, and they are sometimes put a stop to people’s favourite shows. We are sick of ads, and now we mostly watch other channels.
David
Kedua teks di atas hampir sama, perbedaannya hanya ada di paragraf terakhir. Coba perhatikan paragraf terakhir pada teks 1 yang hanya berisi simpulan tidak ada saran, namun paragraf terakhir pada teks kedua berisi saran yang tercantum dalam kalimat “we think TV station should stop showing ads”. Kata “should” mengandung arti sesuatu yang harus dilakukan. Clear right?
| Genres | Social Function (Tujuan / Fungsi Sosial) | Generic Structure (Struktur) | Significant Lexicogrammatical Features (Ciri – ciri yang menonjol) |
| Report | To describe the way things are with reference to a range of natural, man – made and social phenomenon in our environment. (Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala-gejala sosial) | a. General Classification: tells what the phenomenon under discussion is ( Pernyataan secara umum yang menjelaskan tentang objek yang dideskripsikan. Keterangan, dan klasifikasinya).b. Description : tells what phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of parts, qualities, habits, or behaviors (if living) or uses (if non-natural)(Memberikan penjelasan tentang hal yang dideskripsikan. kalau hal yang dideskripsikan merupakan benda hidup maka bisa dideskripsikan bgian – bagiannya, kualitasnya, kebiasaanya, atau perilakunya. Kalau benda mati maka yang dideskripsikan adalah kegunannya) | a. Focus on generic participants : Fokus pada hal secara umum.b. Use of Present Tense (Unless extinct) (Pengunaan Present Tense kecuali kalau benda itu sudah punah. |
| Procedure | To describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps (Menjelaskan bagaimana mencapai sebuah tujuan dengan memberikan serangkaian langkah / tindakkan) | a. Goals (Tujuan yang hendak dicapai, biasanya ada dalam judulnya)b. Materials (Bahan – bahan, tidak semua jenis teks Prosedur ada). c. Steps A series of steps oriented to achieve the goal (Sejumlah langkah untuk mencapai tujuan. | a. Use of simple present Tense often imperative (Penggunaan Simple Present Tense, sering kali merupakan kalimat perintah). b. Use mainly of temporal conjunction / connectives (penggunaan kata untuk mnerangkan waktu misalnya then, after that) c. Penggunaan action verbs (Cut, Mix. |
| Analytical Exposition | To persuade the reader or listener that something is the case. (Untuk meyakinkan dan mempengaruhi pembaca atau pendengar bahwa ada masalah yang perlu mendapat perhatian) | a. Thesis Position: Introduces topics and indicates writer’s position. (Memberitahukan topic dan menunjukkan pendapat penulis). b. Arguments Points : Menjelaskan argument dan elaborasi (dijelaskan secara mendetailc. Reiteration : Restates writer position : Menjelaskan kembali posisi penulis atau penguatan kembali posisi penulis | General nouns, misalnya car, pollution, leaded petrol car, dsb.·Abstract nouns, misalnya policy, government, dsb.·Technical verbs, misalnya species of animals, dsb.·Relating verbs, misalnya It is important, dsb.·Action verbs, misalnya She must save, dsb.·Thinking verbs, misalnya Many people believe, dsb·Modal verbs, misalnya we must preserve, dsb. · Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly, we, dsb. ·Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly,dsb. ·Bahasa evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, trustworthy, dsb. * Kalimat pasif |
| Hortatory Exposition | To persuade the reader that something should or should not be the case. (Meyakinkan kepada pembaca bahwa sesuatu seharusnya dilakukan atau tidak dilakukan) | a. Thesis : announcement of issue concern (Menjelaskan tentang hal yang dibahas) b. Arguments : Reasons for concerns, leading to recommendation (Alasan yang digunakan yang menuju pada rekomendasi tentang apa yang seharusnya / tidak seharusnya dilakukan)c. Statement : statement of what ought or ought not to happen (Pernyataan tentang apa yang seharusnya atau tidak seharusnya terjadi / dilakukan) | Terfokus ke pembicara / penulis yang mengangkat isu.·Abstract nouns, misalnya policy, government,dsb.·Technical verbs, misalnya species of animals, dsb.·Relating verbs, misalnya should be, doesn’t seem to be dsb.·Action verbs, misalnya We must act, dsb.·Thinking verbs, misalnya I believe, dsb·Modal verbs, misalnya we must preserve, dsb ·Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly, wem dsb. ·Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly, dsb · Simple present tense · Kalimat pasif · Bahasa evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, trustworthy, dsb. |
| Review | To critique an art work, event for a public audience. It includes movies, TV shows, books, plays, operas, recordings, exhibitions, concerts, and ballets. (Melakukan kritik terhadap peristiwa atau karya seni untuk pembaca atau pendengar halayak ramai, misalnya film, pertunjukan, buku, dll.) | a. Orientation: places the work in its general context often by comparing it with others of its kind (Menempatkan karya tersebut dalam konteks secara umum seringkali dengan membandingkan karya lain yang sejenis). b. Interpretive Recount: summarizes the plot or / and provides an account of how the reviewed rendition of the work came into being. (Memberikan ringkasan alur dan atau Menafsirkan karya itu, struktur ini biasa ada atau tidak ada dalam suatu review). c. Evaluation : Provides an evaluation of the work and / or its performance or production (Memberikan evaluasi tentang karya atau pementasannya). |
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| Discussion | To present (at least) two points of view about an issue (Membahas suatu maslah yang paling tidak dipandang dari dua sudut pandang) | a. Issue : Statement (Pernyataan tentang hal yang dibahas) b. Arguments for and against or statemetn of differingv points of view (Argumen yang mendukung atau melawan pernyataan). c. Point d. Elaboration (Penjelasan) e. Conclusion or Recommendation (Ringkasan atau rekomendasi) | a. general nouns untuk menyatakan kategori, misalnya uniforms, alcohol, dsb,b. relating verbs untuk memberi informasi tentang isu yang didiskusikan, misalnya smoking is harmful, dsb.c. thinking verbs untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis, misalnya feel, believe, hope, dsb.d. additives, contrastives dan causal connectives untuk menghubungkan argumen, misalnya similarly, on the hand, however, dsb.e. detailed noun groups untuk memberikan informasi secara padu, misalnya the dumping of unwanted kittens, dsb.f. modalities, seperti perhaps, must, should, should have been, could be, dsb.g. adverbials of maner, misalnya deliberately. |
| News Item | To inform readers, listeners, or viewers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important (memberitahukan kepada pembaca, pendengar, atau penonton tentang sebuah peristiwa atau kejadian yang penting). | a. Newsworthy events: Penceritaan kembali tentang Ringkasan kejadian. b. Background Events : Menjelaskan apa yang terjadi, kepada siapa dan dalam kondisi seperti apa. c. Source : komentar – komentar oleh para saksi, pelaku, pejabat setempat, atau ahli dalam kejadian tersebut. | a. Terfokus pada orang, binatang, benda tertentu;b. Menggunakan action verbs, misalnya eat, run;c. Menggunakan keterangan waktu dan tempat;d. Menggunakan past tense;e. Disusun sesuai dengan urutan kejadian |
| Explanation | Menerangkan proses yang berlangsung dalam pembentukkan atau pelaksanaan kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan gejala – gelaja / fenomena sosio budaya. | a. A general statement : Pernyataan umum b. A sequenced explanation : Penjelasan secara brerurutan mengapa atau bagaimana sesuatu terjadi. | a. general dan abstract nouns, misalnya word chopping, earthquakes;b. action verbs;c. simple present tense;d. passive voice;e. conjunctions of time dan cause;f. noun phrase, misalnya the large cloud;g. abstract nouns, misalnya the temperature; h. adverbial phrases; complex sentences; bahasa teknis; |
