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apa sih bedanya report & recount?
Report adalah jenis teks yang mendeskripsikan sesuatu secara umum.
Generic Structurenya: General Classification - Descriptions
Tenses yang digunakan : Simple Present Tense
Contoh:
1)A library is a place which collects records of what people have thought and done.(Ini adalah General Classification).
It preserves those records, and it ,makes them available to us, so that we can learn about many things. In the world of library, we can entertain ourselves, teach ourselves, and be inspired by the ideas that we might never have dreamed of otherwise.(Ini adalah \'Description\')
A library has many sections. Commonly, a library has a reading room, a catalogue section, a newspaper and magazine section, books section, and a librarian desk which deals with book circulation. The books are classified based on the subjects, such as fiction, science, psychology, etc. They are arranged on the bookshelves.(Ini adalah \'Description\').
2) Whales are sea-living mammals.
They therefore breathe air but cannot survive on land. Some species are very large indeed and blue whale, which can exceed 30 cm in length, is the largest animal to have lived on earth Superficially, the whale looks rather like a fish, but there are important differences in its external structure: its tail consists of a pair of broad, flat, horizontal paddles (the tail of a fish is vertical) and it has a single nostril on top of its large, broad head. The skin is smooth and shiny and beneath it lies a layer of fat (blubber). This is up to 30 cm in thickness and serves to conserve heat and body fluids.
RECOUNT
Teks Recount adalah teks yang isinya tentang pengalaman2 atau kejadian2 yang terjadi pada waktu lampau.
Generic Structure: Orientation - Events – Reorientation
Contoh teks RECOUNT
1) I am used to travelling by air and only on one occasion I have ever felt frightened. After taking off, we flew low over the city. It slowly went high to the sky. But suddenly it turned round and flew back to the airport.(Ini adalah Orientation)
An airhostess told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it touched down. Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what happened. Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board. Earlier somebody told the police that there was a bomb on the plane. After we landed, the police searched the plane carefully. Fortunately, they did not find a bomb and five hours later we were able to take off again.(Ini adalah Event).
2) I was driving along the coast road when the car suddenly lurched to one side. At first I thought a type had gone but that then I saw telegraph poles collapsing like matchsticks. The rocks came tumbling across the road and I had to abandon the car. There was an earthquake. When I got back to town, there wasn’t much left.
Dalam teks Recount, Generic Structure nya adalah: Orientation - Events - Reorientation.
Note: \'Event\' dalam teks Recount boleh satu atau lebih.
Dan \'Reorientation\' adalah optional(boleh ada boleh tidak)
Tenses yang digunakan selalu Past Tense.
ENDANG TRININGSIH
mw nanya nh, boleh ya,, dijawab kan? future tense untuk bwt cerita harus ngutamain apa? boleh dikasih contoh untuk cerita holiday yg ada future tensenya ngga?
Kalo Anda mau bercerita menggunakan Future Tense, berarti isi cerita Anda adalah merupakan rencana liburan yang akan datang.
Maka, pola kalimatnya adalah:
Subject + will + Verb 1
atau
Subject + tobe (is, am, are) + going to + Verb 1
Contoh:
Next holiday, I plan to go to Lombok with my family. I will visit not only some interesting places but also my relatives who stay there. My father has reserved the tickets for us, so we are going to go there by plane.
Silakan Anda teruskan sendiri.
Selamat mencoba!
ENDANG TRININGSIH
tolong berikan rumus2x b inggris yg termasuk dlm SKL.dan contoh kalimatnya.yg lenkap.msal dlm tenses dll
TENSES
I. PRESENT
1. Simple Present Tense
POLA:
Subject + Verb 1 +
They
We
I
You
Subject + Verb s-es +
He
She
It
FUNGSI:
a. Untuk menyatakan suatu kebiasaan (habitual action) atau kegiatan yang terjadi berulang – ulang dan terus menerus.
Contoh :
The students go to school everyday.
She studies English twice a week.
I go to church on Sundays
We celebrate our independence day once in a year.
b. Untuk menyatakan kebenaran umum (general truth).
Contoh:
The sun rises in the east and sets down in the west.
The earth revolves round the sun.
The pineapple never grows up on a tree.
c. Digunakan dalam bahasa drama, komentar radio dan sejenisnya.
When the curtain rises, Juliet is writing on her desk. Suddenly the window opens and a masked man enters.
KETERANGAN WAKTU:
a. Every morning/day/week/month/year
b. Once, twice, three times, four times,
c. Adverb of frequency : always, usually, sometimes, often, never, seldom.
2. Present Continuous Tense
POLA :
Subyek + to be (is, am, are) + V-ing
FUNGSI;
a. Untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu diucapkan.
Contoh:
They are still playing at the moment.
She is reading a novel now.
b. Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sedang berlangsung tetapi belum tentu sedang berlangsung ketika pernyataan diucapkan.
Contoh:
I am learning French this year.
Mr. Brown is teaching English.
KETERANGAN WAKTU:
Now, at the moment, this afternoon, this evening, right now, today.
Note : Ketika ada kata kerja seperti: Look!, Listen!, Watch!, Notice! ( Imperative), maka tenses nya Present Continuous.
Contoh:
Look! The man is climbing.
Listen! The girls next door are singing my favourite song.
3. Present Perfect Tense
POLA:
Subject + Have + Verb 3 +
Has
FUNGSI :
a. Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan waktunya tidak tertentu.
Contoh :
William Shakespeare has written many short stories.
I have swept the floor. It looks clean now.
b. Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang pernah dilakukan dan mungkin dilakukan lagi di waktu yang akan datang.
Contoh:
My friends and I have gone to Bali.
Shinta has visited her grand parents many times.
KETERANGAN WAKTU: Since, for, just (baru saja), already, yet, so far.
4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
POLA :
Subject + Have + Been + Verb-ing
Has
FUNGSI :
Untuk menyatakan suatu kegiatan yang mulai dilakukan pada waktu lampau dan sampai sekarang masih berlangsung.
Contoh:
My sister has been studying English for three months.
The students have been doing the test since 11 o’clock.
KETERANGAN WAKTU: For, since.
II. PAST
1. Simple Past Tense
POLA:
Subject + Verb 2 + Object +
FUNGSI:
Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi pada waktu tertentu di masa lampau.
Contoh:
I met my music teacher yesterday.
My mother bought a new carpet last Sunday.
Rendy closed the window five minutes ago.
The students presented their project work this morning.
KETERANGAN WAKTU:
- Last...
- ...ago
- This morning
- This afternoon
- Just now
- Yesterday
2. Past Continuous Tense
POLA:
Subject + was + Verb- ing
were
FUNGSI:
a. Untuk menggambarkan peristiwa yang terjadi pada masa lampau.
Contoh:
I was studying at my friend’s house.
My parents were chatting in the living room.
b. Untuk menggambarkan suatu peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu lampau, dimana peristiwa lain juga terjadi .
Contoh:
When I was studying, someone knocked the door.
When I was walking to school, I met Dian sastro.
3. Past Perfect tense
POLA:
Subject + Had + Verb 3
FUNGSI:
Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang terjadi sebelum kegiatan lain di waktu lampau muncul.
Contoh:
The teachers went home after they had finished teaching.
When I arrived Kridosono, my favourite artist had performed.
KETERANGAN WAKTU: when, after, before.
4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
POLA:
Subject + had + been + Verb ing
FUNGSI:
a.
III. Future
1. Future Tense
POLA:
Subject + shall + Verb 1 +
will
FUNGSI:
a. Untuk menggambarkan suatu peristiwa yang akan terjadi.
Contoh:
Bobby will come here tomorrow.
I shall call my parents when I get home.
b. Untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang terjadi di masa mendatang yangbukan merupakan keinginan atau kehendak.
Contoh:
Tomy will be fourteen years old next year.
We shall die one day.
KETERANGAN WAKTU: Tomorrow, next week/month/year, the day after tomorrow.
2. Future Continuous Tense
POLA
Subject + shall + be + Ving
will
FUNGSI:
a.
3. Future Perfect Tense
POLA :
Subject + shall + have + Verb 3
will
FUNGSI:
a. Untuk menyatakan kejadian
4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
POLA :
Subject + shall + have + been + Verb ing
will
SOAL – SOAL LATIHAN
1. Every night, the guard turns on all the lights and …around the building every half an hour.
a. walks
b. is walking
c. walked
d. will walk
2. I … my holiday in Bali every year.
a. spent
b. spend
c. will spend
d. am spending
3. My friend … a lot of photographs when she went to Borodudur last month.
a. has taken
b. will take
c. takes
d. took
4. Four years ago, I … in Bojonegoro, East Java.
a. have lived
b. don’t live
c. lived
d. live
5. The students went to the zoo to learn Bilogy ….
a. every Sunday
b. next Sunday
c. last Sunday
d. on Sundays
6. Don’t make noise, please! The baby ….
a. slept
b. sleeps
c. has slept
d. is sleeping
7. I met my Elementary School teacher this morning when I ….
a. was waiting
b. am waiting
c. waited
d. wait
8. Bobby was studying Physics when suddenly someone … the door.
a. was knocking
b. had knocked
c. has knocked
d. knocked
9. Teacher : Wow! What a clean classroom it is.
Katie : Yes ma’am. My friend and I … it
a. sweep
b. swept
c. will sweep
d. have swept
10. Windi : Look ! The flowers are beautiful. Who … them?
Lola : I did, and I watered them regularly.
a. are planting
b. planted
c. plants
d. plant
11. Novi :“Where did you get the CONTACT magazine?
Jaka : “ I … it from the library last week. I want to return it now, I … it.
a. borrowed - read
b. lent – have read
c. read – have borrowed
d. borrowed – have read
12. Dita : “What are you going to do after graduating from Junior High School?�
Andi : “ I … my study in vocational school�
a. continue
b. continued
c. will continue
d. have continue
13. Lina : You look so pale, Han!
Hani : Really? I … a rest yet all day long.
a. will not
b. didn’t take
c. have taken
d. haven’t taken
14. Rico : Hey, listen! The girls next door …our favourite song.
a. sing
b. sings
c. will sing
d. are singing
15. ‘I know that one of my students … in a big company since he graduated.’
a. works
b. will be working
c. is working
d. has been working
Eliptical Construction.
Digunakan untuk menggabungkan/menyederhanakan dua ide yang sama.
Kalau kalimatnya positif, kita bisa memakai SO atau TOO.
Contoh:
- I am hungry and you are too.
- A bird can fly and so can butterfly.
- A deer runs fast and so does a tiger.
- The boys like ice cream and the girls do too.
- The students went to Bali last month and so did the teachers.
- I have taken a bath and my mother has too.
Kalau kalimatnya negatif, kita bisa memakai EITHER atau NEITHER.
Contoh:
- My mother was not a student and my father was not either.
- I will not come to Tina\'s birthday and neither will the other friends.
- Rony doesn\'t like playing chess and Tono doesn\'t either.
- I didn\'t visit my grandma last Sunday and neither did my brother.
- She hasn\'t had breakfast and they haven\'t either.
Catatan:
Dalam SKL, soal yang mendominasi adalah soal bacaan (meliputi Descriptive, Procedure, Narrative, Recount, Report dan Short Functional Texts) meliputi pertanyaan tentang:
- gagasan utama
- gagasan pendukung
- informasi faktual
- informasi tersirat
- informasi rinci
- rujukan kata
- makna kata, meliputi kosakata, tata bahasa, ciri - ciri kebahasaan dan lain - lain yang berkaitan dengan jenis teks.
Jadi, soal tentang Tenses atau Tata Bahasa yang lain(Eliptical, Question Taq, Conditional, Comparison, Parralel Construction, Conjuction, dll) diprediksikan tidak keluar secara vulgar seperti tahun - tahun kemarin, akan tetapi soal itu masuk ke dalam teks rumpang.
Sering - seringlah berlatih saja dan perkaya kosakata Anda.
ENDANG TRININGSIH
tolong cariin contoh spoof dan anecdote masing-masing 2 ya makasi
Anecdote
Snack in the Bath
Abstract
How would you like to find a snack in your bath?
A nasty one too!
Orientation
We had just moved into a new house, which had been empty for so long that everything was in a terrible mess. Anna an I decide we would clean the bath first, so we set to, and turned on the tap.
Crisis
Suddenly to my horror, a snake\'s head appeared in the plug-hole. Then out slithered the rest of his long thin body.He twisted and turned on the slippery bottom of the bath, spitting and hissing at us.
Incident
For an instant I stood there quite paralysed.Then i yelled for my husband,who luckily came running and killed the snake with the handle of a broom. Anna, who was only three at the time, was quite interested in the whole business. Indeed i had to pull her out of the way or she\'d probably have leant over the bath to get a better look!
untuk yang lainnya, bisa mencari di situs situs yang ada di internet, anda masukkan kata kunci di textbox di mesian pencari tersebut.
ENDANG TRININGSIH
bagaimana kita mengetahua bagaimana cara mengetahui kalimat kalimat yang menggunakan for,since,from?aku tunggu jawabannya.......
Since dan For bisa dipakai untuk Present Perfect Tense.
Contoh:
- I have learned English for two years.
Atau
- I have learned English since 2005.
Sedangkan kalau pakai \'from\', contoh kalimat di atas menjadi:
-I have learned English from 2005 up to now.
Untuk menggambarkan rentang waktu, kita bisa memakai \'for\' atau \'from\'.
Since dan For juga bisa berarti \'because\'.
Contohnya:
- I study English because I want to go abroad.
Kata \'because\' bisa digantikan dengan \'since\' atau \'for\'.
Contoh:
-Since I want to go abroad, I study English.
- I study English for I want to go abroad.
M.A.S Anggororini, S.Pd
Buat UAN nanti katannya soalnya kiri kanan yah alias di bedain ,jadi gimana caranya supaya ga tegang ?? ngadapin soal ??
Supaya tidak tegang, jangan melihat kanan kiri Anda. Hadapi saja soal yang ada di depan Anda, cermati bacaan yang ada, kalau perlu baca lebih dari satu kali, sehingga Anda mendapat intisari bacaan tersebut yang akhirnya akan sangat membantu Anda untuk memilih jawaban yang paling tepat.
M.A.S Anggororini, S.Pd
discussion teks kayak gmana sih,kasih contohny dong
Discussion
The purpose is to present (at least) two points of view about an issue.
Generic Structure:
- Issue
- Arguments for and against or statement of differing points of view
- Conclusion or Recomendation
Example:
Gene Splicing
Issue:
genetic research has produced both exciting and frightening possibilities. Scientists are now able to create new forms of life in the laboratory due to the development of gene splicing
Arguments for
On the one hand, the ability to create life in the laboratory could greatly benefit mankind. For example, because it is very expensive to obtain insulin from natural sources, scientists have developed a method to manufacture it inexpensively in the laboratory.
Another beneficial application of gene splicing is in agriculture.
Elaboration:
Scientists foresee the day when new plants will be developed using nitrigen from the air instead of form fertilizer. Therefore, food production could be increased. In addition, entirely new plants could be developed to feed the world\'s hungry people.
Argument against
Not everyone is excited about gene splicing, however some people feel that it could have terrible consequences. A laboratory accident, for example might cause an epidemic of an unknown disease that could wipe out humanity.
Conclusion:
As a result of this controversy, the government has made rules to control genetics experiments. While some membersof the scientific community feel that these rules are too strict, many other people feel that they are still not strict enough.
Good Luck!
ENDANG TRININGSIH
saya mao nany tentang ap seh bedanya analytical ma hortatory exposition...Gimana qt bs bedain antara hortatory ma analytical.. udah gt minta contoh nya jg yah.. tp slaen yg udah dcantumin.. I look forward 2 hearing from u.. makaseh byk...
Bedanya Analitycal dan Hortatory:
Analitycal, the purpose is to pursuade the reader or listener that something is the case.
Hortatory, the purpose is to pursuade the reader or the listener that something should or should not be the case
Contoh:
Hortatory:
Into the Mouth of Babes
We are writing to you because we are concerned about the way food is being advertised to children.(This is called \'Thesis\').
What we eat now affects our health in years to come. Bad dietary habits start while we are very young. For this reason, your government support health education that encourages a balanced healthy diet. Australians are encouraged to get the bulk of their nutrients from fresh fruits, vegetables, and wholegrain cereals, a lesser amount from foods high in fat, salt and sugar. (This is called \'1st Argument\').
TV advertising to children presents a completely different message. Nearly 80% of food advertising pushes fatty snacks or sweets - the very foods that should be eaten least. To make matter worse, these ads take up much of the advertising time. This must be stopped. ( This is called \'2nd Argument).
TV advertising is powerful and influential. Parents, however strong-willed, find it hard to resit pressures created by this advertising. Children are least able to understand the tricks of the advertising industry.( This is called \'3rd Argument).
For the hours when children are the main audience, TV advertising of foods must be made to reinforce, not undermine, the message about a balanced diet. We appeal to you, as Prime Minister, to take the lead in calling together the advertisers, TV networks, consumers and public health bodies to decide how this isn to be done.(This is called \' Recommendation).
Analitycal
Thesis:In Australia there are three levels of government, the federal government, state government and local government. All of these levels of government are necessary. This is so for a number of reasons.
Argument 1:
First, the federal givernment is necessary for the big things. They keep the economy in order and look after things like defence.
Argument 2
Similarity, the state governments look after the middle sized things. For example they look after law and order, preventing things like vandalism in schools.
Argument 3:
Finally, local governments look after the small things. They look after things like collecting rubish, otherwise everyone would have disease.
Conclusion:
Thus, for the reasons above we can conclude that the three levels of government are necessary.
Good Luck!
ENDANG TRININGSIH
tolong cariin contoh spoof dan anecdote masing-masing 2 ya makasi
Anecdote
Snack in the Bath
Abstract
How would you like to find a snack in your bath?
A nasty one too!
Orientation
We had just moved into a new house, which had been empty for so long that everything was in a terrible mess. Anna an I decide we would clean the bath first, so we set to, and turned on the tap.
Crisis
Suddenly to my horror, a snake\'s head appeared in the plug-hole. Then out slithered the rest of his long thin body.He twisted and turned on the slippery bottom of the bath, spitting and hissing at us.
Incident
For an instant I stood there quite paralysed.Then i yelled for my husband,who luckily came running and killed the snake with the handle of a broom. Anna, who was only three at the time, was quite interested in the whole business. Indeed i had to pull her out of the way or she\'d probably have leant over the bath to get a better look!
Untuk yang lainnya, bisa mencari di situs situs yang ada di internet, anda masukkan kata kunci di textbox di mesian pencari tersebut.
ENDANG TRININGSIH