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Pertanyaan
Pertanyaan
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tolong jelaskan definisi, tujuan, text organization, serta perbedaan dari teks2 brikut ini: a. explanation text VS description b. news item VS report c. discussion VS report d. analytical exposition VS analytical hortatory e. analytical exposition & hortatory VS discussion
Genres | Social Function (Tujuan / Fungsi Sosial) | Generic Structure (Struktur) | Significant Lexicogrammatical Features (Ciri – ciri yang menonjol) |
| Narrative | To amuse, entertain, and to deal with actual or vicarious experiences in different ways. (Untuk menghibur pembaca melalui cerita). | a. Orientation: Sets the scene and introduces the participants. (Memperkenalkan tokoh dan setting).b. Complication : A crisis arises (Munculnya masalah).c. Resolution : the crisis is resolved (Terselesainya masalah).e. Evaluation : A stepping back to evaluate the plight. (Melangkah ke belakang untuk memikirkan nilai / makna sebuah peristiwa, bisa ada dan tidak)d. Reorientation : Optional (Bisa ada / atau tidak ada fungsinya menyimpulkan isi cerita ) | a. Focus on specific usually individualized participants. (Fokus pada tokoh – tokoh tertentu secara individu).b. The use of Simple Past (Penggunaan Tenses Masa Lampau)c. The use of temporal conjunction (Penggunaan kata penghubung yang menunjukkan waktu ex : After, before, when dll).d. The use of noun phrases (Penggunaan frasa kata benda yang kaya dengan adjective misalnya : long black hair, two red apples. |
| Descriptive | To describe a particular person, place or thing (Untuk menggambarkan orang, benda, atau tempat tertentu secara khusus) | a. Identification : Identifies phenomenon ( Mengidentifikasi / pengenalan fenomena / hal yang dideskripsikan).b. Description : Menggambarkan bagian, kualitas, maupun ciri – ciri) | a. The Use of Simple Present Tense (Penggunaan Simple Present Tense). b. Focus on Specific Participant (Fokus kepada Hal / orang / tempat secara khusus) |
| Recount | To tell events for the purpose of informing or entertaining (Melaporkan peristiwa, kejadian atau kegiatandengan tujuan memberitakan atau menghibur) | a. Orientation : Provides the setting and introduces the participants (yaitu memberikan informasi tentang apa, siapa, di mana dan kapan). b. Events : Tell what happened in what sequence ( Laporan urutan kegiatan yang biasanya disampaikan secara berurutan)c. Reorientation : Optional – closure of events. (biasanya berisi komentar pribadi / penilaian jika ada | a. Use of past tense : Penggunaan waktu masa lampau) b. Focus on temporal sequence (Fokus pada urutan waktu dengan kata – kata penghubung yang menunjukkan waktu mis : when, after, then dsb). c. Noun dan noun phrases. |
| Genres | Social Function (Tujuan / Fungsi Sosial) | Generic Structure (Struktur) | Significant Lexicogrammatical Features (Ciri – ciri yang menonjol) |
| Report | To describe the way things are with reference to a range of natural, man – made and social phenomenon in our environment. (Menyampaikan informasi tentang sesuatu, apa adanya, sebagai hasil pengamatan. Yang dideskripsikan dapat meliputi gajala alam, lingkungan, benda buatan manusia, atau gejala-gejala sosial) | a. General Classification: tells what the phenomenon under discussion is ( Pernyataan secara umum yang menjelaskan tentang objek yang dideskripsikan. Keterangan, dan klasifikasinya). b. Description : tells what phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of parts, qualities, habits, or behaviors (if living) or uses (if non-natural) (Memberikan penjelasan tentang hal yang dideskripsikan. kalau hal yang dideskripsikan merupakan benda hidup maka bisa dideskripsikan bgian – bagiannya, kualitasnya, kebiasaanya, atau perilakunya. Kalau benda mati maka yang dideskripsikan adalah kegunannya) | a. Focus on generic participants : Fokus pada hal secara umum. b. Use of Present Tense (Unless extinct) (Pengunaan Present Tense kecuali kalau benda itu sudah punah. |
| Procedure | To describe how something is accomplished through a sequence of actions or steps (Menjelaskan bagaimana mencapai sebuah tujuan dengan memberikan serangkaian langkah / tindakkan) | a. Goals (Tujuan yang hendak dicapai, biasanya ada dalam judulnya)b. Materials (Bahan – bahan, tidak semua jenis teks Prosedur ada). c. Steps A series of steps oriented to achieve the goal (Sejumlah langkah untuk mencapai tujuan. | a. Use of simple present Tense often imperative (Penggunaan Simple Present Tense, sering kali merupakan kalimat perintah). b. Use mainly of temporal conjunction / connectives (penggunaan kata untuk mnerangkan waktu misalnya then, after that) c. Penggunaan action verbs (Cut, Mix. |
| Analytical Exposition | To persuade the reader or listener that something is the case. (Untuk meyakinkan dan mempengaruhi pembaca atau pendengar bahwa ada masalah yang perlu mendapat perhatian) | a. Thesis Position: Introduces topics and indicates writer’s position. (Memberitahukan topic dan menunjukkan pendapat penulis). b. Arguments Points : Menjelaskan argument dan elaborasi (dijelaskan secara mendetailc. Reiteration : Restates writer position : Menjelaskan kembali posisi penulis atau penguatan kembali posisi penulis | General nouns, misalnya car, pollution, leaded petrol car, dsb.· Abstract nouns, misalnya policy, government, dsb.· Technical verbs, misalnya species of animals, dsb.· Relating verbs, misalnya It is important, dsb.· Action verbs, misalnya She must save, dsb.· Thinking verbs, misalnya Many people believe, dsb· Modal verbs, misalnya we must preserve, dsb. · Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly, we, dsb. · Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly,dsb. · Bahasa evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, trustworthy, dsb. * Kalimat pasif |
| Hortatory Exposition | To persuade the reader that something should or should not be the case. (Meyakinkan kepada pembaca bahwa sesuatu seharusnya dilakukan atau tidak dilakukan) | a. Thesis : announcement of issue concern (Menjelaskan tentang hal yang dibahas) b. Arguments : Reasons for concerns, leading to recommendation (Alasan yang digunakan yang menuju pada rekomendasi tentang apa yang seharusnya / tidak seharusnya dilakukan)c. Statement : statement of what ought or ought not to happen (Pernyataan tentang apa yang seharusnya atau tidak seharusnya terjadi / dilakukan) | Terfokus ke pembicara / penulis yang mengangkat isu.· Abstract nouns, misalnya policy, government,dsb.· Technical verbs, misalnya species of animals, dsb.· Relating verbs, misalnya should be, doesn’t seem to be dsb.· Action verbs, misalnya We must act, dsb.· Thinking verbs, misalnya I believe, dsb· Modal verbs, misalnya we must preserve, dsb · Modal adverbs, misalnya certainly, wem dsb. · Connectives, misalnya firstly, secondly, dsb · Simple present tense · Kalimat pasif · Bahasa evaluatif, misalnya important, valuable, trustworthy, dsb. |
| Review | To critique an art work, event for a public audience. It includes movies, TV shows, books, plays, operas, recordings, exhibitions, concerts, and ballets. (Melakukan kritik terhadap peristiwa atau karya seni untuk pembaca atau pendengar halayak ramai, misalnya film, pertunjukan, buku, dll.) | a. Orientation: places the work in its general context often by comparing it with others of its kind (Menempatkan karya tersebut dalam konteks secara umum seringkali dengan membandingkan karya lain yang sejenis). b. Interpretive Recount: summarizes the plot or / and provides an account of how the reviewed rendition of the work came into being. (Memberikan ringkasan alur dan atau Menafsirkan karya itu, struktur ini biasa ada atau tidak ada dalam suatu review). c. Evaluation : Provides an evaluation of the work and / or its performance or production (Memberikan evaluasi tentang karya atau pementasannya). |
|
| Discussion | To present (at least) two points of view about an issue (Membahas suatu maslah yang paling tidak dipandang dari dua sudut pandang) | a. Issue : Statement (Pernyataan tentang hal yang dibahas) b. Arguments for and against or statemetn of differingv points of view (Argumen yang mendukung atau melawan pernyataan). c. Point d. Elaboration (Penjelasan) e. Conclusion or Recommendation (Ringkasan atau rekomendasi) | a. general nouns untuk menyatakan kategori, misalnya uniforms, alcohol, dsb,b. relating verbs untuk memberi informasi tentang isu yang didiskusikan, misalnya smoking is harmful, dsb.c. thinking verbs untuk mengungkapkan pandangan pribadi penulis, misalnya feel, believe, hope, dsb.d. additives, contrastives dan causal connectives untuk menghubungkan argumen, misalnya similarly, on the hand, however, dsb.e. detailed noun groups untuk memberikan informasi secara padu, misalnya the dumping of unwanted kittens, dsb.f. modalities, seperti perhaps, must, should, should have been, could be, dsb.g. adverbials of maner, misalnya deliberately. |
| News Item | To inform readers, listeners, or viewers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important (memberitahukan kepada pembaca, pendengar, atau penonton tentang sebuah peristiwa atau kejadian yang penting). | a. Newsworthy events: Penceritaan kembali tentang Ringkasan kejadian. b. Background Events : Menjelaskan apa yang terjadi, kepada siapa dan dalam kondisi seperti apa. c. Source : komentar – komentar oleh para saksi, pelaku, pejabat setempat, atau ahli dalam kejadian tersebut. | a. Terfokus pada orang, binatang, benda tertentu;b. Menggunakan action verbs, misalnya eat, run;c. Menggunakan keterangan waktu dan tempat;d. Menggunakan past tense;e. Disusun sesuai dengan urutan kejadian |
| Explanation | Menerangkan proses yang berlangsung dalam pembentukkan atau pelaksanaan kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan gejala – gelaja / fenomena sosio budaya. | a. A general statement : Pernyataan umum b. A sequenced explanation : Penjelasan secara brerurutan mengapa atau bagaimana sesuatu terjadi. | a. general dan abstract nouns, misalnya word chopping, earthquakes;b. action verbs;c. simple present tense;d. passive voice;e. conjunctions of time dan cause;f. noun phrase, misalnya the large cloud;g. abstract nouns, misalnya the temperature; h. adverbial phrases; complex sentences; bahasa teknis; |
mau tanya, bahasa inggrisnya TENGU itu apa? (tengu=hewan kecil yg tinggal di tempat yang berlumut)
tengu is a kind of tiny mite or bug.
SUSANA ENDANG CAHYANI, S.Pd. M.Pd.
mbak,,tlong dunk buatin artikel yang isinya tntg simple past tense Tq
Maaf apakah yang anda maksudkan dengan artikel?
Jika yang dimaksud adalah teks, maka teks yang menggunakan simple past tense adalah seperti Recount atau Narrative.
tolong jelasin tentang PERFECT MODALS ya...trus contoh2 kalimatnya..plis, cpet
tolong jelasin tentang PERFECT MODALS ya...trus contoh2 kalimatnya..plis, cpet
tolong dong buatin teks announcement dan 3 buah pertanyaan. terima kasih
ANNOUNCEMENT
English Speaking Club
There will be a program to develop our speaking skills next Sunday. We’ll practice guiding tourists in Prambanan Temple. Please enroll soon since there are limited seats.
Departure Time : 08.00 a. m.
Fee : Rp. 20.000,-
Contact Person : Osa, Vita
Chief,
Neola Tamaris
1. Which statement is true about the announcement of the English Speaking Club?
a) Osa and Vita are supervisors of the program
b) The implementation of the program is on Sundays
c) Each participant has to pay Rp. 20.000,- to the chief
d) The aim of the program is to guide foreign tourists
e) The participants will guide foreign tourists in Prambanan Temple
2. “Please enroll soon since there are limited seats.”
The underlined word means…..
a) record
b) answer
c) appeal
d) register
e) subscribe
Saya minta beberapa contoh text analytical dan hortatory yang lainnya tolong secepatnya
analytical:
The importance of Reading
I personally think that reading is a very important activity in our life. Why do I say so? Firstly, by reading we can get a lot of knowledge about many things in the world such as Science, technology. Sports, arts, culture, etc written in either books, magazine, newspaper, etc.
Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about something happening in any parts of the world which can we see directly.
Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too. When we are tired, we read books, newspaper or magazine on the entertainment coloumn such as comedy, short story, quiz, etc. To make us relaxed.
The last, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a book about Irian Jaya we may feel we’re really sitting in the jungles not at home in our rooms.
From the facts above, it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get knowledge, information and also entertainment. Or in summary we can say reading is truly important in our life.
Last night our family went to Ball Dome to watch the Kings play the Shooters.
When we got to the stadium, an usher showed us our seats. Just as we sat down the band played the national anthem so we stood.
After the anthem both teams entered the court. As they did, the cheerleaders waved their steamers.
Next, the referee placed his whistle in his mouth and signaled the start of the play. The game was so hot that the supporters of the two teams yelled out their chants every time a player scored the point.
In the end, the Shooters won and our family was happy that both teams had given their best.
Hortatory:
Is it important to know what your kids are watching? Of course yes. Television can expose things you have tried to protect them from, especially violence, pornography, consumerism, etc.
A study demonstrated that spending too much time on watching TV during the day or bedtime often causes bedtime disruption, stress, and short of sleep duration.
Another research found that there is a significant relationship between the amount of time spent for watching television during adolescence and early adulthood, and the possibility of being aggressive.
Meanwhile, many studies have identified a relationship between kids who watch TV a lot and being inactive and overweight.
Considering some facts mentioned above, protect your children with the following tips:
1. Limit television viewing to 1 – 2 hours each day
2. Do not allow your children to have a TV set in their bedrooms
3. Review the rating of TV shows that your children watch
4. Watch television with your children and discuss what is happening the show
Dear Editor,
We are writing to complain about ads on TV. There are so many ads, especially during our favourite programmes. We think they should be stopped for a number of reasons.
First, ads are nuisance. They go on for a long time and there are so many. Sometimes there seems to be more ads than programmes.
Second, ads are bad influence on people. They try to encourage people to buy unhealthy food like beer, soft drink, candy and chips. And they make people want things they do not really need and can not.
Finally, the people who make ads have too much say in what programmes people watch. That is because they want to put all their ads on popular programs that a lot of people watch. Some programmes which are not so popular get stopped because they do not attract enough ads, even though those programmes may be someone’s favourite.
For those reasons, we think TV station should stop showing ads. They interrupt programmes. They are bad influences on people, and they are sometimes put a stop to people’s favourite shows. We are sick of ads, and now we mostly watch other channels.
David
Tolong rangkaikan kata yg sopan dalam bahasa inggris dalam acara resmi di sekolah seperti seminar.Ats jwbn nya saya ucapkan terima kasih
please....donk kasi contoh giving, accepting, and refusing invitation !!!please....
Contoh giving, accepting, and refusing invitation:
Suzan : Hi Rudi, are you free this weekend?
Rudi : Yes, what's up?
Suzan : Would you go shopping with me? (giving
invitation)
Rudi : I'd love too, but I'm sorry because I don't
have enough money. (refusing inviation)
Suzan : Oh, no problem. What if we go to sekaten?
(giving invitation)
Rudi : OK, I think that's good idea. Just be ready at 7 and I'll pick you up (accepting invitation)
Suzan : Well, see you this evening.
tolong deskripsikan tentang dolphin
For many years, many people believed that the cleverest animals after man were the chimpanzees. Now, however, there is proof that dolphins may be even cleverer than these big apes.
Although a dolphin lives in the sea it is not a fish. It is a mammal. It is in many ways, therefore, like a human being.
Dolphins have a simple language. They are able to talk to one another. It may be possible for man to learn how to talk to dolphins. But this will not be easy because dolphins cannot hear the kind of sounds man can make. If man wants to talk to dolphins, therefore, he will have to make a third language which both he and the dolphins can understand.
Dolphins are also very friendly toward man. They often follow ships. There are many stories about dolphins guiding ships through difficult and dangerous water.
